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Maintaining the proper operating temperature for electric vehicle (EV) batteries is a critical component of the spread of EV across the world. If batteries are too hot, then the batteries will degrade faster, and safety becomes a concern. At lower temperatures, battery capacity and performance suffer.

Thermal management of batteries is important for EV to live up to the potential that manufacturers promise and that consumers desire. But, how can the temperature be maintained at the proper operating levels during use and how can manufacturers cope with the varied environments that the vehicles will operate in?

As an earlier post on EV battery thermal management explained, the main concerns for engineers are:

1. At temperatures below 0°C (32°F), batteries lose charge due to slower chemical reactions taking place in the battery cells. The result is a significant loss in power, acceleration and driving range, and higher potential for battery damage during charging.
2. At temperatures above 30°C (86°F) the battery performance degrades, posing a real issue if a vehicle’s air conditioner is needed for passengers. The result is an impact on power density and reduced acceleration response.
3. Temperatures above 40°C (104°F) can lead to serious and irreversible damage in the battery. At even higher temperatures, e.g. 70-100°C, thermal runaway can occur. This is triggered when the runaway temperature is reached. The result is a self-heating chain reaction in a battery cell that causes its destruction while propagating to adjacent cells.

This hour-long webinar from thermal management expert Dr. Kaveh Azar, founder and CEO of Advanced Thermal Solutions, Inc. (ATS), presents some of the techniques that design engineers have employed to keep EV batteries within the proper temperature range both during operation and charging.

For more information about Advanced Thermal Solutions, Inc. (ATS) thermal management consulting and design services, visit https://www.qats.com/consulting or contact ATS at 781.769.2800 or ats-hq@qats.com.